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| Actiniae [sea anemones] |
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| Prosobranchia [archaic: snails] |
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| Acsidiae [sea squirts] |
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| Cyrtoidea [archaic: radiolarians] |
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| Chaetopoda [archaic: segmented worms] |
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| Hexacoralla [corals & allies] |
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| Gamochonia [archaic: cephalopods] |
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| Decapoda [crustacean] |
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| Ostraciontes [boxfishes & allies] |
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| Diatomea [diatoms] |
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| Discomedusae [archaic: jellyfish] |
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| Ophiodea [brittle stars] |
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| Cubomedusae [archaic: box jellyfish] |
Ernst Heinrich Philipp August Haeckel (16 February 1834-9 August 191) was an eminent German biologist, naturalist, philosopher, physician, professor, and artist who discovered, described and named thousands of new species, mapped a genealogical tree relating all life forms, and coined many terms in biology, including anthropogeny, ecology, phylum, phylogeny, stem cell, and the kingdom Protista. Haeckel promoted and popularized Charles Darwin's work in Germany and developed the controversial recapitulation theory ("ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny") claiming that an individual organism's biological development, or ontogeny, parallels and summarizes its species' evolutionary development, or phylogeny.
The published artwork of Haeckel includes over 100 detailed, multi-colour illustrations of animals and sea creatures (see:
Kunstformen der Natur, "Art Forms of Nature"). As a philosopher, Ernst Haeckel wrote
Die Weltr�tsel (1895�1899, in English,
The Riddle of the Universe, 1901), the genesis for the term "
world riddle" (
Weltr�tsel); and
Freedom in Science and Teaching to support teaching evolution.
In the United States, Mount Haeckel, a 13,418 ft/4,090 m summit in the Eastern Sierra Nevada, overlooking the Evolution Basin, is named in his honor, as is another Mount Haeckel, a 2,941 m/9,649 ft summit in New Zealand; and the asteroid 12323 Haeckel.
All plates from Ernst Haeckel's
Kunstformen der Natur, courtesy of
Wikimedia Commons.
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